The Constitution separates the powers of the federal government among which entities?

The correct answer highlights the structure of the federal government as established by the Constitution, which is designed to prevent any one entity from gaining too much power. The Constitution explicitly divides the federal government into three distinct branches: the Executive Branch, responsible for enforcing laws; the Legislative Branch, tasked with making laws; and the Judicial Branch, which interprets laws and administers justice. This separation of powers is a foundational principle of American democracy, ensuring a system of checks and balances where each branch has its own functions and responsibilities, providing oversight of the others.

This design is crucial for maintaining accountability and preventing abuses of power. By having these three branches operate independently yet interdependently, the framers of the Constitution sought to create a government that could respond to the needs of the citizens while protecting individual liberties.